Input and output
- Read from file:
cmd < file
- Overwrite file:
cmd > file.txt
- Append to file:
cmd >> file.txt
- Discard output:
cmd > /dev/null
- Pipe output:
cmd1 | cmd2
Files and directories
- List contents:
ls /path/
- Change directory (absolute):
cd /home
- Change to home:
cd ~
- Create nested directories:
mkdir -p dir
- Remove directory recursively:
rm -r dir
- Copy recursively:
cp -r from to
- Compare files:
diff file1 file2
Processes and jobs
- Run in background:
cmd &
- List processes:
ps
- Process monitor:
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