| MPA (Multi Page App) |
Each route loads a separate HTML page; full reload on navigation. Can be static or dynamically rendered with server languages. |
| SPA (Single Page App) |
Loads one HTML file and JS updates page contents. Needs Client side routing to manipulate history stack |
| SSR (Server-Side Rendering) |
renders HTML + minimal JS/CSS chunks needed to hydrate (update) the page ie., no full reload |
| SSG (Static Site Generator) |
Pre-renders HTML pages during build time. Fast, SEO. |
| PWA (Progressive Web App) |
Web apps with installability, offline access, background updates. Built on SPA + Service Workers + manifest. |
| TWA (Trusted Web Activity) |
PWA wrapped in a Chrome shell to publish on Play Store. |